Tanzania: Why We Should Switch on to Solar Energy

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Arusha Times (Arusha)

OPINION
2 August 2008
Posted to the web 4 August 2008

Harold Asman
Arusha

Electricity in Tanzania consists of both interconnected and isolated systems. The most dependent power is hydroelectric being followed by natural gas, diesel, coal, biomass, solar module and wind.

Almost 600 mw is generated by hydroelectric power the rest is thermal power about 500 mw. We can not depend on hydroelectric power because it supply is unpredictable. It may be subject to rationing due to poor rains which result into drought.

Solar power is the most appropriate in rural areas.

In order to meet urban and rural demand, smaller power generators that use variety of generation technologies such as diesel, natural gas, biomass, wind turbines, photovoltaic and small hydro power need to be put in place.

Off grid electrification using photovoltaic is viable option for Tanzania because of large geographical coverage. Barriers identified which Tanzanians are facing include:-

High initial cost of photovoltaic (solar) systems.

Difficult access and lack of experience with solar technology especially to its stability to provide electricity services to the rural community.

Lack of knowledge and capacity into proper sizing, installation, operations and maintenance.

The government has yet to realize the value of solar power and there are disincentives for its use due to high taxes and subsidies fro competing fuels.

Information gaps--up dated information on the technology and availability are not yet readily available to all potential customers.

All the barriers can be overcome through transformation of the urban and rural energy market by conducting training in various levels and areas such as schools, higher learning Institutions, vocational training institutions, private individuals and entrepreneurs. The Ministry of Energy and Natural resources should have an additional budget of 5 - 20% to be specifically devoted on renewable energy promotions.

Also donors support should fund projects such as those aimed at making people aware of renewable energy technology and sources of supply at affordable prices.

Public awareness needs to be done through demonstration of solar energy systems, through media, promotional materials, installation of solar systems at public institution such as heath facilities, schools, churches and mosques.

A good example of achievements is the SIDA/MEM solar project which has already developed dealership and trained technicians to sell, install and service solar systems. Rewards have been reaped in various projects in Iringa, Morogoro and Coast regions.

All these regions are home to microfinance institutions and SACCOS that could potentially provide individuals and businesses with credit for solar systems installations

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